Is the Queensland Australian prison system in need of reform Research Paper

Is the Queensland Australian prison system in need of reform - Research Paper Example Prison deaths often fall into two categories. There is the natural and unnatural death. An unnatural death may be defined as suicide, drug overdose or murder. However, it can be noted that all deaths by drug overdose and suicide remain questionable. This stem from the reason that prison murders can be staged to look like suicides or drug overdoses. Hence, the term â€Å"unnatural death†. For instance, Sir David Longland Correctional Centre (SDLCC), in Queensland, has been reported to have the highest prisoner mortality rate for unnatural deaths than any other Australian maximum-security prison. Over the last decade, an estimated twenty-eight prisoners have died unnatural deaths. The criminal justice system in Queensland, Australia is designed to deal accordingly with people who do not obey the law. At first glance, Queensland’s criminal justice system appears to be fair and just. However, beneath the surface for those that are going through the system, there appears to be injustices, particularly for marginalized citizens, those without power, contacts, or knowledge (Egel, 2007). Circumstances surrounding the unnatural deaths of these prisoners are symptomatic of the observed secrecy that cloaks the Queensland prison system. There seems to be a self-serving secrecy the Queensland Department of Corrective Services has steadily fostered by applying censorship tourniquets that may suppress politically sensitive information ever reaching the media. The Queensland Corrective Services Act 2000, for instance, has been specifically implemented to reinforce that method by regulating the media’s access to Queensland prisoners. It is those restrictive pr actices that may have allowed the killing incidents of Queensland prison facilities to flourish. There are four main goals of prison confinement. These include Incapacitation, Retribution, Rehabilitation and Deterrence. Incapacitation focuses on

Should international non-governmental organizations (iNGO) be allowed Essay

Should international non-governmental organizations (iNGO) be allowed to act anywhere, at any cost - Essay Example t equaling, the enlarging role of inter-governmental associations in the political field and the expeditious globalization of commerce in the economic sphere. However, with the growing influence of INGOs on an international level, a number of controversies associated with misuse of power, liability and legitimacy issues, and corruption charges in some of the reputed INGOs have triggered widespread debate over the role and credibility of INGOs (Ritchie & Rice, 1995). International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) are non-profit voluntary organizations operating at the multinational or global level with participants from various countries. These organizations are involved in various activities which include analysis, advocacy, and awareness raising, conflict resolution, brokerage, capacity building, monitoring and evaluation at the regional, community, state, and global level (INGOs, 2008). Even though the popular INGOs concentrate on human rights (for instance, Amnesty International), disaster relief (the Red Cross), the environmental issues (Friends of the Earth), majority of INGOs are from scientific, industrial, professional, business, and medical sphere (INGOs, 2008). A large number of INGOs is also active in recreation, sports, women’s rights, education, and many other fields. The number of active INGOs has increased dramatically from mere 840 in 1940s to more than 20000 in 2006 (INGOs, 2008). Basically, INGOs are not elected entities, are not answerable to the public, and are not based on the principle of democratic representation. Due to the lack of international system of regulation and accreditation of INGOs under global acts, these organizations enjoy excessive freedom of action (Ben-Ari, 2013). As a result, anywhere, anyone can set up an INGO and begin publishing reports that would be later relied on by the international institutions and tribunals, the media, or by national organizations and courts (Ben-Ari, 2013). Many experts emphasize on the

The Anthropology of Latin America and the Caribbean Reflection papers Essay

The Anthropology of Latin America and the Caribbean Reflection papers - Essay Example In the book, The Anthropology of Latin America and the Caribbean, the author has shown the rise of ethnicity and ethnic movement in the Caribbean region (Harry 120). This in itself is not new since other regions have also recorded such movements. For instance, USA reported racial movement during the fight to eliminate racial discrimination against black people. It was a movement based on race and not ethnic. The case of the Caribbean and Latin America is based on both race and ethnicity. Much of it is caused by the struggle for political power among the political classes. Many believe that winning a political election as well as a political office has to be backed with the ethnical unity. Because of this, the author has outlined the rise of ethnicity and ethnic movements, which aimed at soliciting power from those, perceived not to be coming from the same ethnic. Similarly, the author has talked about nationalism and gender, which has to do with identity (132). Caribbean and Latin America gained independence from colonialists, but still struggling to gain its identity. The regions are struggling with different problems as well as influence from interested states. Because of this, the regions have to look for their identity through clinching on nationalism (135). The philosophy of nationalism gives a country its identity and freedom from outside influence. The issue of gender comes in because of the feminist struggle to get recognition in the day-to-day running of the government. Most of the Latin America and Caribbean countries have not included female individuals in the development. This brings the struggle for women recognition. As much as the countries want to get their identity and independence, women should not be forgotten as they also play an important role. The situation in Latin America and Caribbean is not different from the rest of the developing countries. Most of these countries overlook upon women and do

Management Project Economic Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Management Project Economic Analysis - Essay Example The process has a byproduct of poly-di-isopropyl-benzene, which is easily separated by fractionation section. The byproduct is produced by an additional reactor. In order to attain a lower cost and higher purity, recycle streams are used in the process. Further, temperature regulation is essential since the reaction occurs at high temperatures.  The process has a byproduct of poly-di-isopropyl-benzene, which is easily separated by fractionation section. The byproduct is produced by an additional reactor. In order to attain a lower cost and higher purity, recycle streams are used in the process. Further, temperature regulation is essential since the reaction occurs at high temperatures.   With reference to economic analysis, FCI has a total of 16.53 M$ that comprises of 14.53 M$ ISBL and 2.0 M$ OSBL. As such, cash flow statement indicates that the payments will be rendered in full amounts within three years. Both the furnace and heat exchanger use ISBL while the feed tank uses OSB L. The impact of net present value (NPVO) on CumCF in a period of 3.2 years is 150.72 M$ and NPV 12 with an interest of 15% is 552.46 M$. The IRR is 24.28 % with a payback of 3.2 years, which implies that this project is viable and profitable.   Considering economic sensitivities, FCI changes because of utilities and product price. From the information gathered, this project is profitable since the involved product is worth and FCI is low in terms of the cost of the product and raw material. The quantitative comparison indicates that changes in product price and FCI are critical and sensitive.   In conclusion, this project is sensitive to product price changes, as well as FCI changes. However, the project is viable and profitable. Nevertheless, there is a need to gather economic information on Cumene price changes and establish the demand for the product. For now, there is a need to increase the production rate of the product.  

Discussion Questions In Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion Questions In Class - Essay Example A limited liability partnership is an organization in which a number of partners or all of them have limited liability. It is true that this type of organization provides the protection of limited liability, characteristics of a corporation and tax advantages of a partnership, and that there exists many similarities between the limited liability corporation and this kind of partnership. According to Sutton (2001), the limited liability corporation reports its income on a â€Å"schedule corporation tax form and computes its self-employment tax on a schedule self employment tax form†. In the case of multiple member liability limited corporation, self employment tax is paid on the member’s allocations on profits. The corporation’s income is reported separately on a 1065 tax return for partnership with each partner computing the bills for self employment tax on their allocations of partnership gains on the schedule self employment tax forms that go along with the 1040 returns on personal tax (Clifford and Warner 2008). It is therefore not true to say that the profit is not subject to self employment tax. A corporation is taxed and also files taxes. It is also important to note that individuals in the partnership are protected against joint liability in the case of one partner or many in the business commits an act of malpractice or misconduct. It is only the assets of the member who has been proofed to have caused failure due to negligence which are attached in case of business failure (Sutton 2001). When it is treated as a corporation, pay self employment tax is not charged on the corporation’s profit. However, according to Sutton (2001), the 1120 of the liability Limited Corporation reports the corporate income tax that is subjected on the profits. The corporation is usually limited by the shares. Non U.S. residents are allowed to own limited liability corporations. It is

Summarize 3 economic articles Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summarize 3 economic articles - Article Example The researchers aim at showing that quality changes do not result in immediate demand response in regulated industries. This phenomenon has been attributed to imperfect information and sticky behavior among consumers due to familiar or personal habits. These sluggish behaviors imply that it would take some time before full realization of potential demand. To prove this hypothesis, the researchers conduct an analysis using a quantitative Hotelling framework in a market that has two exogenously located providers with horizontally and vertically differentiated products. The researchers also use a differential-game approach in providing open-loop and feedback solutions. Indeed, the findings defy the static relationship indicating that an elastic relationship exists between quality and demand, instead indicating a negative relationship between quality and potential demand due to decrease in marginal profit gain in quality. Firms should therefore adopt long term investment plans and provid e lower monetary incentives to attain first-best quality status as opposed to making quality changes at each point of product development. The researchers’ choice of regulated industries, specifically education and health sectors of the economy has been informed by the fact that these have quality as major drivers of competitive demand. This article sheds light in the wake of rankings of institutions where even with improved competition on quality, demand would not respond. The paper fails to give any future indications of increased demand due to improved quality. Li, W, Mengistae, T & Xu, LC 2011, ‘Diagnosing development bottlenecks: China and India’, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, vol. 73, no. 6, pp. 722 – 752. This article appreciates that in 1980, both China and India were at par economically, being the world’s most populous countries and very poor. India ranked better in its income per capita with its citizens earning averagely $2 .38 per day which was about $1 more than what an average Chinese earned. While India undertook economic liberalization until 1991, China gradually adopted economic reforms. By 2000, China had its daily income per capita averaging at $7.30 while that of India averaged $4.71. The researchers in this article seek to demystify the factors that led to performance gap between these two countries. Being an analysis of only two countries, the researchers used firm-level data to examine cross-sectional and temporal variations linking firm productivity, an important contributor to income per capita, to business environment at city level such as access to finance, regulation burden, labor regulation, infrastructure and skills. The firm-level data was collected from the 2003 World Bank Investment Climate Surveys covering 2,400 Chinese enterprises from 18 cities distributes across 15 provinces and 1,860 Indian manufacturing establishments from 40 industrial cities. The findings show that firms i n China are generally larger by size, value or number of employees, employ more skilled labor and have more flexible labor markets. The poor infrastructure that India has compared to China makes it significantly lag behind economically. However, Indian firms have better access to short-term bank financing though this factor minimally affects productivity in both countries. The uncertainty in regulation is also lower in India. The researchers recommend that India relaxes its labor market regulations, invest in infrastructure and

Academic Monitoring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Academic Monitoring - Essay Example There are certain essentials which must be present for the questioning to be effective. Firstly, the questions must be appropriate to the instructional and developmental level of the students. Secondly, the teacher needs to keep a keen eye on those students that are voluntarily participating in discussion and those who are not. The non volunteers need to be encouraged to participate. Thirdly, the teacher may ask students to give feedback to each other based on the submitted responses to certain questions, that is, they can be encouraged to comment or add to the responses of their classmates. The second strategy, monitoring seatwork is a systematic measure for interacting with students while they work. Instead of waiting for the student to ask for help the teacher can instantly intercept wrong concepts and understanding. In order to immediately correct misconceptions the teacher checks and discusses the work of each student individually. Monitoring seatwork aids in the elimination of disruptive behavior and improves on-task behavior of students. The third effective strategy involves ensuring that homework assignments are in sync with the content covered in the classroom. These assignments should be given frequently to extend the practice time that students have with the material. They should be suited to the developmental and ability level of the students. They should be clearly understood and should be quickly checked and returned to students with comments given to reinforce positive behavior. A fourth strategy includes having daily, weekly, monthly and term reviews as well as classroom testing. These tests must be administered regularly and frequently. They must be aligned to the instruction. They should be collected, graded, documented and immediately returned to students so that errors can be corrected before they become deep-seated. The first juncture in establishing an effective monitoring system